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- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- WELCOME TO BLUE-SKIES!
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- A unique weather display system has been created, dubbed Blue-Skies. Written
- by University of Michigan student Alan Steremberg under a National Science
- Foundation grant, Blue-Skies is designed to provide an extremely user-friendly
- interface so that users with a minimal computer background can easily obtain
- the information they need.
-
- The Blue-Skies program offers users relatively fast access to literally
- hundreds of real-time weather and environmental images. Among its innovative
- features is the incorporation of a file transfer protocol based on the
- University of Minnesota's "gopher" (though we call it "groundhog") service.
- Blue-Skies is a gopher client, with interactive graphics capabilities current
- Macintosh gopher clients do not support. The gopher protocol allows for easy
- control of the graphical user interface, the addition of special topics that
- can be dynamically updated without altering the client.
-
- WHO CAN USE BLUE-SKIES
- ----------------------
- Blue-Skies was developed with K-12 schools in the State of Michigan as its
- primary target. At this time, however, no restrictions are being placed on its
- distribution or use. If non K-12 use grows to the point where the K-12 schools
- see significantly reduced service, access to the Blue-Skies data will be
- restricted.
-
- HARDWARE REQUIRED
- -----------------
- Blue-Skies runs only on color or gray-scale Macintosh computers. It will not
- run on the Mac+ or Apple II computers. Plans are underway to port Blue-Skies to
- IBM-PC machines running Microsoft Windows, but this software will likely be
- unavailable until 1995.
-
- If you are not connected to the Internet, you will need a modem. We
- recommended a fast modem of at least 9600 bps, because many of the images are
- large and take considerable time to transfer over slow phone lines.
-
- SOFTWARE REQUIRED
- -----------------
- Blue-Skies is a TCP/IP application which requires a TCP/IP network to be
- properly functioning prior to Blue-Skies being launched. A TCP/IP network
- connection can be directly connected, as in the form of a campus ethernet
- backbone, or the required TCP/IP connection can be established via dial-in
- service.
-
- If you are connecting via a modem and phone line, you will need another
- layer of communication software. This layer will consist of either a SLIP
- (Serial Line Internet Protocol) or PPP (Point-to-Point-Protocol) connection
- from desktop to service provider. Contact your local network service provider
- to determine which protocol is supported.
-
- Recommended Reading:
- The Internet Starter Kit for Macintosh
- by Adam C. Engst
- published by Hayden Books.
-
- This book contains a good foundation for the technical aspects of network
- connectivity, as well as a thorough map to information resources on the
- Internet. Included with the book is a copy of Apple's MacTCP software. We
- STRONGLY recommend you run MacTCP 2.04 or higher; early versions of MacTCP have
- a bug in the part that figures out how to talk to other machines on the
- Internet (the code dealing with the DNR, or Domain Name Resolver, does not work
- correctly.)
-
- Users should also have NCSA telnet, a free public-domain communications
- program that will allow one to access the normal text-based Weather Underground
- data (the UM-WEATHER program that you are running now.) NCSA Telnet is included
- in the Internet Starter Kit.
-
- PPP
- MichNet, the service provider for Michigan, supports PPP network access.
- MacPPP was developed by Merit Network, Inc, and is freely available.
-
- MacPPP can be retreived with anonymous ftp:
-
- machine: merit.edu
- directory: /pub/ppp/mac
-
-
- *********************
- Network Authorization
- *********************
- A new user of the MichNet network will need to obtain a network
- authorization account. Application paperwork is found in the file
- "application.txt" or Network_Application_Form.txt, depending on where you are
- reading this file.
-
- or contact:
-
- Merit Network, Inc.
- Attn: Merit Authorization Service Account Manager
- 2901 Hubbard, Pod G
- Ann Arbor, MI 48105
-
- ***********************
- HOW TO GET THE SOFTWARE
- ***********************
-
- Using Gopher
- ------------
- If you are using an old version of Blue-Skies or the freely available
- Turbogopher program, connect to: groundhog.sprl.umich.edu (port 70), change
- directories to "Software", then double click on the "Blue-Skies_1.0.sea.hqx"
- file. It will then be transferred to your computer. The file is over 200K in
- size, so it will transfer rather slowly (about 3 minutes at 9600 baud if you're
- using Blue-Skies 1.0).
-
- The "hqx" extension on the file means that it has been compressed using the
- freely available BinHex4.0 software; you do not need to worry about
- uncompressing the file, since Blue-Skies and Turbogopher will do this
- automatically for you.
-
- The "sea" extension on the file means it is a "Self Extracting Archive".
- This means that the file is really an archive of several files. Simply double
- click on the rectangular "Blue-Skies.sea" icon, and the files containing the
- latest Blue-Skies release will be extracted (a dialog box will appear asking
- you where to put the files on your hard drive). Once the files are extracted,
- you may throw the "Blue-Skies.sea" file in the trash, if you wish. It is no
- longer needed to run Blue-Skies.
-
- Using Fetch, Xferit, or NCSA Telnet
- ------------------------------------
- One can also get the software using one of the freely available Macintosh
- file transfer programs such as "Fetch", "Xferit", or "NCSA Telnet".
-
- Connect to: madlab.sprl.umich.edu.
- When it asks for your user name, type in "anonymous".
- When asked for your password, simply type your email address.
-
- Now you are connected to our ftp file server.
-
- Change directories to "pub/Blue-Skies".
-
- Before transferring the file, be sure to set the transfer mode to binary.
- Finally, get the file "Blue-Skies_1.0.sea.hqx". You will need to run the freely
- available "BinHex 4.0" program to uncompress the file.
-
-
- *********************************
- What BLUE-SKIES currently offers:
- *********************************
- Interactive Weather Maps - A unique feature of the Blue-Skies program is the
- availability of Interactive Weather Maps, which contain a weather image (e.g.
- radar map with fronts, satellite image, etc.) in which all textual information
- on current conditions and forecasts is embedded. There are cities plotted
- throughout the map, and as the computer mouse passes over the cities, the
- current conditions (temperature, wind direction and speed, etc.) are shown on a
- status bar. If the user clicks on the city, the latest National Weather
- Service forecast for that city is displayed. The user also has the capability
- to zoom in on selected regions of the country, allowing more cities to be
- displayed and allowing greater exploration of weather phenomena.
-
- The interactivity allows students to explore basic questions of meteorology,
- such as "What are the changes in winds, temperature and relative humidity
- across a cold front," or "What is the relationship of precipitation and clouds
- to low pressure systems?"
-
- International Weather Maps - Color maps of temperature and precipitation are
- generated every 6 hours for most of the world. These maps will soon be
- interactive, and display the monthly climatological data for several thousand
- cities across the world when one clicks on the city.
-
- Weather Animations - Weather is, of course, a decidedly non- static
- phenomenon. The Blue-Skies program acknowledges this by allowing access to
- Quicktime movies of the latest several hours of satellite imagery, as well as
- precipitation and frontal movements, temperature changes, and wind field
- changes. The animations are created and updated hourly on an IBM RS/6000
- workstation using Apple software. Currently, the animations cover a 24-hour
- time period.
-
- Ozone Hole - While the display of weather information is the primary goal of
- Blue-Skies, there is no limitation to the breadth of information which can be
- disseminated via this technology. Recent images of the percent of normal ozone
- column, as reported by the TOMS satellite is made available as it is released
- by NASA. These images empower the students and teachers to observe the raw
- data at the earliest opportunity. The data are released in an unverified form,
- which force the participants to evaluate whether the results seem plausible,
- given the risk of erroneous data in the raw data stream.
-
- Air Pollution - All the daily Acid Rain precipitation chemistry data from
- the Utility Acid Precipitation Assessment Program will be made available. This
- allows students to interrogate a single day across sites, or a single site
- across days. Data in a tab- delineated format can be downloaded to your local
- computer by clicking on the icon for a selected site.
-
- Famous Weather Events - Inasmuch as nature seldom cooperates with course
- planning a special folder containing archives of selected weather phenomena has
- been created. This folder contains images and data corresponding to
- hurricanes, tornado outbreaks, snow storms, and other materials useful for
- classroom projects. The imagery included in this archives will be used to
- support curriculum activities available on the system.
-
- Curriculum Materials - Ideas and information on how to use Blue-Skies for
- teaching in the K-12 classroom.
-
- Exploring the Internet - A gateway to the amazing diversity of the
- world-wide computer network called the Internet.
-
-
- ************************
- FEATURES OF THE SOFTWARE
- ************************
- Once a user selects an image and pulls it over the network, he or she can:
-
- 1. Save the image to disk;
-
- 2. Print the image to black and white or color printers;
- and/or
-
- 3. Copy images from Blue-Skies into a report or presentation.
-
- An Auto-Launch feature allows one to load images at a set time each day.
- This is useful, for example, when one wants to load the large animation files
- early in the morning so they are ready for presentation at class time.
-
- One can add "bookmarks" to frequently-used images and forecasts by means of
- a "Startup Items" file.
-
- ********************
- WHERE TO GO FOR HELP
- ********************
- We are primarily in the business of providing support on how to use the
- Blue-Skies software itself. We realize that for those of you who do not have a
- TCP/IP network connection in place, getting one working can be difficult. In
- particular, getting macPPP set up correctly can be a challenge. We STRONGLY
- urge you to establish a TCP/IP Intenet connection yourself, by consulting
- support staff of your network provider. We simply do not have the resources to
- be troubleshooting everyone's unique networking problems.
-
- Questions can be sent to:
-
- blueskies@umich.edu
-
- or
-
- The Weather Underground
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2143
-
- or (last resort) call 313-936-0491
- or 313-764-4584
-
- *******
- CREDITS
- *******
- Dr. Perry Samson: Director of Weather Underground project
- Jeffrey Ferguson: Program Coordinator
- Alan Steremberg: Main author of "Blue-Skies" Macintosh program.
- Jeff Masters: Blue-skies content coordinator; Author of UM-WEATHER
- Tracy Mullen Image generation and UNIX programming coordinator
- Mike Monan: Macintosh and UNIX programming
- Michael Kamprath: Macintosh programming
- Neeraj Shaw: UNIX programming
-